nyika yangu inyika huru yekugadzira. Mukugadzira maindasitiri, maitiro ekupfekedza anosanganisira maindasitiri mazhinji, anosanganisira ese maindasitiri ane chekuita nekukochekera, sekugadzira mota nekugadzirisa, fenicha, midziyo yemumba, kugadzira simbi, marata esimbi emavara, uye midziyo. , Shipbuilding, midziyo yemagetsi, indasitiri yepombi, nezvimwe.

Indasitiri yekupfekedza ndeyemunda wezvinhu zvitsva. Mabhachi anoenderana nemhoteredzo anosanganisira: mabhachi emvura, poda coatings, machira ekurapa mwaranzi uye akasimba-akasimba. Sezvo mabhanhire ezvakatipoteredza achiri mumatanho ekutanga ekutsvagisa nekusimudzira, zvimwe zvakakosha zvehunyanzvi zviri kure nekugadziriswa. Nokudaro, kushandiswa kwekuputira kunokonzera 50-60 yehuputi hwese. Kubuda kwemaindasitiri ejasi munyika yangu muna 2009 yaive 9.114 miriyoni matani, iyo yakanyungudika-yakagadziriswa coatings yakaverengera makumi matanhatu. Kubuda kwemajasi muna 60 (China Coatings Industry Yearbook, 2010) yaive 2011 miriyoni matani. Pakati pavo, solvent-based coatings yakaverengerwa 9.7. Inosvika 52.1 miriyoni matani eVOCs (kusanganisira iyo yakatetepa inoshandiswa mukuputira) inovhuvhuta mumhepo panguva yekushandiswa kwejira (xylene chete ine mazana ezviuru zvematani), uye kusvibiswa kunoparadza zvakanyanya. yakaoma. Nekuda kwebudiriro inokurumidza zvikuru mumakore achangopfuura, avhareji yekukura inosvika mamirioni gumi nemashanu. Muna 3.5, goho rakasvika kupfuura mamiriyoni gumi nemaviri matani (import uye ekisipoti vhoriyamu inogona kufuratirwa), iyo maindasitiri coatings vakaverenga anenge 15, kureva, anenge mamiriyoni 2012 matani. VOCs emissions ingangoita 12 miriyoni matani kana kupfuura. Yakave iyo hombe sosi yekuChina maindasitiri eVOCs emissions uye ine simba guru pakuburitsa maindasitiri eVOC emunyika yangu.

Kugadzira uye maitiro ekushandisa anokonzeresa njodzi kwezvakatipoteredza: senge VOC emissions, formaldehyde uye heavy metal masara, uye yemahara TDI volatilization. nyika yangu yakagadzira nhevedzano yezviyereso zvekumanikidzira zvepasi. Muna 2009 chete, zviyero zvishanu zvekumanikidzira zvekupfekedza zvinomiririrwa ne "GB24408-2009 Limits of Hazardous Substances in Building Exterior Wall Coatings" zvakagadziridzwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, mitemo yakasimba yekudzivirira kwezvakatipoteredza yekunze (yakadai seHAPs, VOCs, REACH, RoHS, nezvimwewo) yakaisa zvikumbaridzo zvepamusoro zvekutengesa kunze kwenyika zvigadzirwa zvependi, zvigadzirwa, uye zvigadzirwa zvepasi pasi semidziyo yemumba, matoyi, uye fenicha (girinhi Zvipingamupinyi uye zvipingamupinyi zvehunyanzvi). Nechikonzero ichi, pasi pemamiriro ekuwedzera kutariswa kwakasimba, ndiyo tsika yakajairika yekusimudzira kusimbisa hunyanzvi hwekugadzira tekinoroji uye kusimudzira nekusimudzira machira ane hushamwari. Panguva imwecheteyo, vashandisi vanoshandisa zvakajairwa zvinonyungudutsa coatings vanofanirwa kusimbisa hutsva hweVOCs kurapwa tekinoroji.

1. Ikozvino mamiriro ekugadzira tekinoroji nemidziyo

tekinoroji yekupfekedza nyika yangu nemidziyo zviri kukura nekukurumidza. Pane gaka hombe mukuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, kuchengetedza simba, kudzikisa kubuda, uye kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa. Kuburitswa kweVOC kwemitsara yakawanda yekuputira hakuenderane neyakajairwa, uye mashandisirwo emagetsi, mashandisirwo emvura uye mashandisirwo emidziyo yekuputira pane imwe unit yekuputira nzvimbo yese yakakwira, uye hapana inoenderana inosungirwa mutemo. Somuenzaniso, kunyange zvazvo nyika yangu iri nyika huru mukugadzirwa kwemotokari, haisi nyika ine simba, uye kupenda motokari ndizvo zvimwe chetezvo.

1) Yakajairika mota craft (yakazara craft)

Body-in-white inopinda pre-kurapwa electrophoresis electrophoresis drying (lysate emission) electrophoresis polishing (guruva particle emission) weld sealing (VOCs emission) PVC undercarriage spraying (VOCs emission) yepakati coating spraying (VOCs emission) yepakati coating emission (VOCs) ) Intermediate coating drying (VOCs emission) Intermediate coating reporting kupedza kupfapfaidza pendi (kusanganisira varnish) (VOCs emission) kupera pendi (VOCs emission) kupedza pendi kuomesa (VOCs emission) checkpoint repair (VOCs emission) kupedza Warranty cavity wax spraying (VOCs emission) musangano musangano

2) Yakajairika auto zvikamu maitiro (yakazara maitiro)

Pre-treatment (electrophoresis electrophoresis drying) kana (dehydration drying) jasi repakati richipfapfaidza bhachi repakati kuenzanisa bhachi repakati kuomesa bhachi kupfapfaidza pamusoro bhachi kuyerera sandara kupenda kuomesa

3) Yakajairika mudziyo wemidziyo (yakazara craft)

Sandblasting, zinc blasting, middle coating, spraying, middle coating, leveling, middle coating, drying, top coat, spraying, top coat, flow, flat paint drying

4) Yakajairika nzira yekushandisa pamba (yakazara maitiro)

Pre-kurapwa (electrophoresis electrophoresis drying) kana (dehydration drying) yepakati bhachi kupfapfaidza pakati bhachi kuenzera pakati bhachi kuomesa pamusoro bhachi pfapfaidza pamusoro jasi kuyerera sandara pendi kuomesa pre-kurapwa kupera mvura kuomesa poda kupfapfaidza poda kuomesa (hapana VOCs emission)

5) Zvakajairwa pfapfaidzo dumba midziyo

Iwo matumba ekupfapfaidza akakura kupfuura makumi mapfumbamwe neshanu anomanikidzwa kupa uye kupera nemweya mutsva, uye maVOC anoburitswa zvakananga pakakwirira nekudzika kwakadzika uye hukuru hwemhepo. Kana maVOC akagadziriswa, mudziyo wekutarisa weVOC unofanirwa kuwedzerwa. Iyo yekupfapfaidza dumba inotora yakatenderedzwa fomu yekumanikidzwa kwemhepo yekupa uye kupera simba, uye iyo VOCs yekumisikidza yakakwira, inogona kuburitswa mushure mekurapwa. Iri fomu rakakodzera chete kune otomatiki kupfapfaidza matumba, kwete yemanyorero espray booths.

6) Yakajairika kamuri yekuyera midziyo

Kuwanda kweVOCs kwakakwira uye kunogona kuburitswa mushure mekurapwa. Nekudaro, midziyo ye5-10 chete muChina ine michina yekurapa yeVOCs, uye mashandisirwo emidziyo yekurapa panguva yekugadzirwa yakajairika haizivikanwe.

7) Yakajairika pendi yekuomesa kamuri midziyo

Kuwanda kweVOCs kwakakwira uye kunogona kuburitswa mushure mekurapwa. Nekudaro, midziyo ye5-10 chete muChina ine michina yekurapa yeVOCs, uye mashandisirwo emidziyo yekurapa panguva yekugadzirwa yakajairika haizivikanwe.

8) Yakajairika VOCs kurapwa mudziyo

Anowanzo shandiswa mudzimba maVOCs ekurapa maturusi akabatidzwa kabhoni adsorption, catalytic combustion, yakakwira tembiricha kupisa (RTO, TNV), yepakati tembiricha kupisa (kuwedzera kwekamuri yekuomesa yekudziya mudziyo, senge quaternary unit), uye inopenya VOCs kurapwa (CIR). Activated kabhoni adsorption uye catalytic combustion ine yakaderera mari, mutengo wakakwira wekushandisa, uye kushomeka kwekurapa maitiro. Iwo anowanzo shandiswa mumitsara midiki yekugadzira uye ane yakaderera mashandisirwo emidziyo. High-temperature incineration (RTO, TNV) ine yakakwira yekutanga mari, mutengo wakaderera wekushandisa, uye yakanyanya kurapwa maitiro. Inowanzo shandiswa mumitsara yepakati uye yakakura yekugadzira, uye mwero wekushandisa midziyo wakakwira, kunyanya kupisa kwemarara kweTNV kunoshandiswa mukamuri yekuomesera, uye mwero wekushandisa midziyo wakanyanya kukwirira.

2. Matambudziko aripo

1) Kusagadzikana kwekuvandudza tekinoroji, machira ekuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, maitiro matsva, uye zvishandiso zvitsva zvinoda kuvandudzwa.

Kunyange zvazvo nyika yangu yave nyika huru pakugadzira pendi uye nyika inotenga, haisati iri nyika yakasimba muruzivo rwokugadzira pendi nouinjiniya hwekupenda. Iyo tekinoroji yemhando yependi inogadzirwa nemakambani epamba haina kuenzana, uye tekinoroji yeinjiniya yekupenda pendi haina kuenzana, uye kuchine kuenzanisa. Mukaha mukuru. Kunyanya, machira ekudzivirira kwezvakatipoteredza, matekinoroji matsva ekuchengetedza simba uye kuderedza kubuda, uye michina mitsva munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana inoda kuvandudzwa nekukurumidza. Nekuda kwekuti China haina mitemo inosungirwa kuchengetedza simba uye kudzikisa kuburitsa mapurojekiti ekuputira, makambani haafarire kuvandudza mitsara yekugadzira coating iripo, uye kushandiswa kwemajeti matsva ekuchengetedza simba uye ane hushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza, maitiro matsva, uye michina mitsva haigone. kukwidziridzwa.

2) Mabhizinesi mazhinji, madiki, asina simba ekuchengetedza nharaunda tekinoroji, uye kusaziva kwezvakatipoteredza

Zvinoenderana nenhamba, pari zvino kune zviuru zvisere zvemakambani ekugadzira pendi munyika yangu, mazhinji acho ari madiki uye epakati bhizinesi. Kuvakwa kwakaderera-kwepamusoro kwakakomba zvakanyanya, huwandu hwekugadzira hwakawandisa, zviwanikwa zvevanhu zvinoshandiswa zvisina basa, uye kune kuraswa kwakawanda. Kune yakakwirira-level, yepamusoro-tekinoroji yekuchengetedza nharaunda, kuchengetedzwa kwemidziyo yekudyara idiki kwazvo, mamwe makambani akashongedzerwa nemidziyo yekudzivirira kwezvakatipoteredza asi asingawanzo shandisa. Naizvozvo, kusimbaradza hunyanzvi hwebhizinesi, kutungamira kwehunhu, kuwedzera chiyero chebhizinesi, kuisa zviwanikwa zvekugadzira machira ane hushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza, uye inodhura-inoshanda kuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza misoro yakakosha yekuwana budiriro yakadzikama.

3) Mamiriro ezvinhu anotongwa nependi isiri yezvakatipoteredza inoda kuvandudzwa

Munyika yangu yependi yakabuda, 50-60 ndeye solvent-based paints. Inogona kukonzera angangoita 3.5 miriyoni matani evolatile organic compounds (VOCs) kuti abudiswe mumhepo gore rega rega, uye kusvibiswa nemarara zvakakomba. Mumakambani anoshandisa zvinonyungudutsa-based coatings, anenge makumi mapfumbamwe neshanu eVOCs ari mudumba rekupfapfaidza anoburitswa zvakananga pakakwirira nekudzika kwakadzika uye hukuru hwemhepo, 95 VOC mukamuri yekuomesera uye mukamuri yekuyeresa anoburitswa zvakananga pakakwirira nepamusoro-soro uye mweya mudiki. vhoriyamu, uye mamwe ese akashongedzerwa neVOCs mishonga yekurapa. Nekudaro, tekinoroji yemidziyo yekurapa yeVOC haina kuenzana, uye nekuti hapana yenguva refu yekutarisa sisitimu, chiyero chekushandiswa kweVOCs michina yekurapa haina kukwira panguva yekugadzirwa kwakajairwa.

4) Iyo sisitimu inosimudzira kuvandudzwa kweindasitiri yekupfekedza uye midziyo yekudzivirira kwezvakatipoteredza yakavakirwa pamazinga nemirau haisati yaumbwa.

Parizvino, nyika yangu yekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza coating standard system, VOCs emission system uye zvine hukama zvakakosha zviyero zvakangotangwa uye zvinoda kuvandudzwa. Kudzokera kumashure kwezviyero kwadzikisira mashandiro eindasitiri yekupfekedza nyika yangu nemidziyo yekudzivirira kwezvakatipoteredza zvinoenderana nezviyero zvepasirese, uye zvakanganisa indasitiri yekupfekedza nyika nemidziyo yekudzivirira kwezvakatipoteredza. Kuvandudzwa kwemakwikwi epasi rose.

2. Hunhu hwekuputira (spraying) process exhaust gasi:

(1) Kazhinji inoperekedzwa nehuwandu hukuru hwehuputi hwependi zvidimbu;

(2) Kune marudzi akawanda emapaku, masolvents akasiyana anoshandiswa, uye maorganic components (organic solvents in coatings anosanganisira: benzene, ethers, lipids, ketones, alcohols, alcohol ethers, hydrocarbons, etc.) yakadzoserwa kumhepo, uye imwe benzene, doro uye lipids ndezvakaviri-yepamusoro-goho uye tertiary zvinhu);

(3) Munguva yekupfapfaidza, kumanikidzwa kwemhepo kuburitsa uye mashandiro ekubudisa zvinomanikidzwa, nehombe yemhepo yekubuda uye yakaderera organic matter. Naizvozvo, kurapwa kwekuputira tsvina gasi kwakaoma, mutengo wekurapa wakakwira, uye mhedzisiro yekurapa haina kunaka, iro idambudziko rakaoma mukurapwa kwemaindasitiri eVOCs emissions munyika yangu. Mune mamwe maindasitiri akakosha anobatanidzwa mukugadzira tekinoroji munyika yangu, sekugadzira mota nekugadzirisa, fenicha, midziyo yemumba, michina nekugadzira michina, indasitiri yepombi, kuvaka ngarava, midziyo, nezvimwewo, kurapwa kwekupfapfaidza gasi rekubuda. yakatanga mumakore achangopfuura. Chikamu chidiki chegasi chekupedza chakabatwa, uye midziyo yekurapa iripo ine yakaderera kushanda zvakanaka, kushata kwemamiriro ekushanda uye kushomeka kwekudzikisa mhedzisiro. Sezvo nyika yedu inyika huru yekugadzira, mumaindasitiri ekusvibisa anorema ane maVOC akakwira, sekugadzira fenicha, midziyo, kuvaka ngarava, mota, midziyo yemumba, nezvimwe, zvese zvinotora chikamu chepamusoro pasirese. Naizvozvo, mune ramangwana renyika yangu maindasitiri akagadziriswa sosi yeVOCs emission kuderedzwa, kurapwa kwekuputira tsvina gasi ndiyo inonyanya kukosha.

chirongwa chebudiriro

Nekugadziridzwa kwemaitiro uye kuvandudza modhi shanduko semutsetse mukuru, shandisa zano rekugadzirisa, shanduko, hunyanzvi uye kusimudzira, pasi pekutungamirwa kwemitemo yenyika yakakodzera, tarisa kugadzirisa chimiro chehunyanzvi hweindasitiri uye chimiro chesangano chesangano, kusimbisa hunyanzvi hwakazvimirira uye kuumba yakazvimirira. matekinoroji, zviyero uye mabhureki, uye wedzera Kuridzira uye gadzira mhando nyowani dzezvakatipoteredza zvine hushamwari, kusimudzira mashandisirwo ehunyanzvi matekinoroji nemidziyo mitsva, uye nekumhanyisa shanduko yemitsetse yekugadzira yekupotera iyo isiriyo maererano nekuchengetedza simba uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza.

1) Kurumidza kuvandudzwa kwezvakatipoteredza zvine hushamwari zvekupfeka zvigadzirwa

Solvent coating: Mukugadzirisa kwezvigadzirwa zvemotokari, mutengo wekupfekedza uri pasi pe20% yemutengo wese wekupfekedza, uye makumi masere asara ndiwo mutengo unopedzwa mukuputira. Naizvozvo, kudzikisira iyo inoputika organic compound (VOC) zvirimo mujasi, kupfupisa nzira yekuputira, kugadzirisa marongero etambo yekupfekedza, kuronga zvine hungwaru kuronga kugadzirwa, uye kugadzirisa yekutanga kupasa kwechigadzirwa, iyo inogona kuderedza mutengo weiyo yese. motokari uye kuchengetedza simba nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza. Kudzivirira kwezvakatipoteredza: kusimudzira kushandiswa kwematekinoroji matsva akadai semvura-yakavakirwa, inonyungudika-isina (upfu, machira-anoporeswa coatings) uye yakakwirira-yakasimba kusiyana.

2) Kurudzira kushandiswa kwehunyanzvi hutsva uye michina mitsva

Semuyenzaniso, kupendi yemota yese, nzira yepakati-yemahara yekupendi mota inosimudzirwa, panguva imwe chete, nzira yepakati yekukuya inobviswa, mutsara wekugadzira pendi unorerutswa, kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kunoderedzwa, uye kupera kwemarara kunoderedzwa. Kurudzira kushandiswa kweotomatiki kupfapfaidza michina kuderedza pendi overspray (kuderedza kushandiswa kwependi), tora inotenderera yemhepo yekupa uye yekupedza simba uye kugadzirisa maVOCs ekugadzirisa michina. Kurudzira mashandiro epamusoro uye anochengetedza maVOC ekugadziridza maturusi ekudzikisa mari yekushandisa.

3) Kurumidza kushandurwa kwemitsara yekugadzira yekukoira iripo 

 Mazhinji emitsara yekugadzira yekupotera muChina ishoma mune tekinoroji, midziyo uye tekinoroji, uye haana maVOCs ekurapa machira, zvichikonzera kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza. Mitemo yenyika inonangana neizvi. Shanduko uye kukwidziridzwa kwemitsara yekugadzira ndiyo inonyanya kukosha yekudzikisa kuburitswa kweVOCs.

4) Kurumidza kuumbwa kwemitemo yenyika yakakodzera, kuve nemirau yakajeka pakurapa uye kuburitswa kweVOCs, uye kumisa hurongwa hwekutarisa kwenguva refu hwekushandiswa kwemidziyo yekurapa yeVOCs.

Batanidza kuchinyorwa ichi: Ongororo yechimiro cheiyo coating process midziyo uye zvirongwa zvemberi zvebudiriro

Dzokorora Chirevo: Kana pasina mirairo yakakosha, zvese zvinyorwa zviri pasaiti ino ndezvepakutanga. Ndokumbira utaridze kwakabva kudhindazve: https://www.cncmachiningptj.com

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