Nekukurumidza kukura kwehunyanzvi hwemazuva ano hwemaindasitiri, zvinodiwa nevanhu zvekushandiswa kwemechini zvikamu zvinokwira nekukwira, uye yakanyanya kusimba nharaunda inoisa kumberi kwepamusoro zvinodiwa zvekupisa tembiricha kuramba, kupfeka kuramba, kuneta kuramba uye zvimwe zvinhu zvesimbi zvinhu. . 

Kune mamwe simbi chaiyo kana alloy zvinhu, ingave yekutanga nhanho R&D bvunzo kana gare gare nhanho kugadzirwa kwehuwandu uye kuiswa mukushandiswa, kutsvagisa kana kuwana yakakwirira-kuita simbi alloy zvinhu zvinoda kutsigirwa kwesimbi yekunyungudutsa midziyo, pamusoro pekupisa kupisa midziyo, nezvimwe. Iyo yakawanda yakakosha yekudziya kana kunyungudutsa nzira, induction yekudziya tekinoroji inoshandiswa kunyungudusa nekugadzira zvinhu zvesimbi kana kunyungudutsa uye kupisa zvinhu zvekupisa mune imwe nzira, iyo yakaita basa rakakosha.

Ichi chinyorwa chinosuma maitiro ekuvandudza kwevacuum induction kunyungudutsa tekinoroji uye mashandisirwo eiyo induction kunyungudutsa tekinoroji muzviitiko zvakasiyana. Zvinoenderana nechimiro cheakasiyana vacuum induction choto mhando, enzanisa zvakanakira nekuipira kwavo. Tichitarisira kune ramangwana rekuvandudza nzira yevacuum induction furnaces, inotsanangura maitiro ayo ekusimudzira. Iko kusimukira uye kufambira mberi kwevacuum induction furnaces kunonyanya kuratidzwa mukuvandudza zvishoma nezvishoma kwechimiro chese chemidziyo, iyo iri kuramba ichioneka maitiro emodularization uye yakanyanya hungwaru kutonga system.

1. Vacuum induction melting tekinoroji

1.1 Nheyo

__kindeditor_temp_url__Induction heat tekinoroji kazhinji inoreva tekinoroji inoshandisa iyo musimboti wemagetsi induction kuwana induction ikozvino kune zvigadzirwa zvine zvirinani magineti senitivity kuzadzisa chinangwa chekudziya pasi pevacuum mamiriro. Ikozvino yemagetsi inopfuura nepakati peiyo electromagnetic coil yakatenderedza zvinhu zvesimbi pane imwe frequency. Kuchinja kwemagetsi ikozvino kunogadzira induced magnetic field, iyo inokonzera induced current musimbi uye inogadzira huwandu hukuru hwekupisa kupisa zvinhu. Kana kupisa kwakadzikira, kunogona kushandiswa muvacuum induction kupisa kurapwa uye mamwe maitiro. Kana kupisa kwakanyanya, kupisa kunogadzirwa kunokwana kunyungudutsa simbi uye kushandiswa kugadzira simbi kana alloy zvinhu.

1.2, kushandiswa

1.2.1, vacuum induction kunyungudika

Vacuum induction kunyungudutsa tekinoroji parizvino ndiyo inonyanya kushanda, inokurumidza, yakaderera-kushandisa, inochengetedza simba uye ine hushamwari induction yekudziya tekinoroji yekudziya zvinhu zvesimbi. Iyi tekinoroji inonyanya kuisirwa mu induction kunyungudutsa mavira uye mimwe michina uye ine huwandu hwakasiyana hwekushandisa. Iyo yakasimba simbi mbishi zvinhu inoiswa mucrucible yakaputirwa nekoiri. Kana iyo yazvino ichiyerera kuburikidza neiyo induction coil, induced electromotive simba inogadzirwa uye eddy ikozvino inogadzirwa mukati mechaji yesimbi. Kana kupisa kwemazuva ano kwakakura kudarika chiyero chekupisa kwekupisa kwesimbi yekuchajisa, kupisa kunowedzera zvakanyanya Pakusvika kune imwe nhanho, simbi inonyunguduka kubva kune yakasimba kuenda kune imwe mvura kuti iwane chinangwa chekunyungudutsa simbi. Muchiitiko ichi, sezvo hurongwa hwose huchiitika munzvimbo yevacuum, zvinobatsira kubvisa tsvina yegesi mukati mesimbi, uye iyo inowanikwa yesimbi alloy zvinhu zvakanyanya kuchena. Panguva imwecheteyo, panguva yekunyungudutsa, kuburikidza nekutonga kwenzvimbo yevacuum uye induction heat, kupisa kwekunyunguduka kunogona kugadziriswa uye simbi yealloy inogona kuwedzerwa munguva yekuzadzisa chinangwa chekunatsa. Munguva yekunyunguduka, nekuda kwehunhu hweiyo induction kunyunguduka tekinoroji, iyo yemvura simbi zvinhu mukati mecrucible inogona kusimudzwa otomatiki nekuda kwekudyidzana kwesimba remagetsi kuita kuti kuumbwa kuwedzere kufanana. Iyi zvakare mukana mukuru weiyo induction melting tekinoroji.

Kuenzaniswa nekunyungudusa kwechinyakare, vacuum induction smelting ine mabhenefiti makuru nekuda kwekuchengetedza simba, kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, nzvimbo yakanaka yekushanda yevashandi, uye kushomeka kwevashandi. Uchishandisa induction melting tekinoroji, iyo yekupedzisira alloy zvinhu haina kuchena zvishoma uye chikamu cheiyo alloy chakawedzerwa chakanyanya kukodzera, icho chinogona kuzadzisa zvirinani zvinodiwa zvemaitiro ezvivakwa zvezvinhu.

Vacuum induction smelting tekinoroji yakashandiswa pamwero mukuru, kubva muchoto chemukati chemakirogiramu akati wandei patsvakiridzo yekuyedza kusvika kumafuru makuru ekunyungudutsa ane huwandu hwemakumi ematani ekugadzirwa chaiko. Nekuda kweiyo nyore tekinoroji yekushandisa, nzira yekunyunguduka iri nyore kudzora uye tembiricha yekunyungudika inokurumidza. , Simbi yakanyungudutswa ine zvakanakira kuumbwa kweyunifomu, uye ine tarisiro huru yekushandisa, uye yakakurumidza kugadzirwa mumakore achangopfuura.

1.2.2, vacuum induction sintering

Vacuum sintering (vacuum sintering) zvinoreva kunyunguduka kwesimbi, alloy kana simbi yakakoniwa hupfu muzvigadzirwa zvesimbi nesimbi dzisina kuvharwa patembiricha iri pazasi pekunyungudika munzvimbo ine vacuum degree ye (10-10-3Pa). Sintering pasi pevacuum mamiriro, hapana kuita pakati pesimbi negesi, uye hapana pesvedzero ye adsorbed gasi. Haisi chete iyo densification mhedzisiro yakanaka, asi inogona zvakare kuita basa rekucheneswa uye kudzikisira, kudzikisa tembiricha yekupisa, uye chiyero chekupisa pamhepo tembiricha inogona kudzikiswa ne100 ℃ ~ 150 ℃, Chengetedza mashandisiro esimba, kuvandudza hupenyu hwechoto chekupisa uye kuwana zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro.

Kune zvimwe zvinhu, zvinodikanwa kuona kubatana pakati pezvimedu kuburikidza nekufambisa kwemaatomu kuburikidza nekudziya, uye induction sintering tekinoroji inoita basa rekupisa mukuita uku. Chakanakira chevacuum induction sintering ndechekuti inobatsira kudzikisa zvinokuvadza zvinhu (mhute yemvura, okisijeni, nitrogen uye zvimwe zvitsvina) mumhepo pasi pemamiriro evacuum, uye kudzivirira kutevedzana kwemaitiro senge decarburization, nitriding, carburizing, kuderedza, uye oxidation. . Munguva yemaitiro, huwandu hwegasi mumapores hunoderedzwa, uye kemikari yemagetsi yemamolekemu egasi inoderedzwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo oxide firimu iri pamusoro pezvinhu inobviswa zvinhu zvisati zvaonekwa muchikamu chemvura, kuitira kuti zvinhu zviwedzere kusungirirwa kana zvinhu zvanyungudutswa uye kusungirirwa, uye kushomeka kwayo kunovandudzwa. simba. Uye zvakare, vacuum induction sintering zvakare ine imwe mhedzisiro pakudzikisa mutengo wechigadzirwa.

Nekuti iyo gasi yemukati yakadzikira munzvimbo yevacuum, iyo convection uye conduction yekupisa inogona kufuratirwa. Kupisa kunonyanya kutamiswa kubva kune chikamu chekupisa kusvika pamusoro pezvinhu nenzira yemwaranzi. Sarudzo yakavakirwa pane chaiyo sintering tembiricha uye yemuviri uye kemikari zvimiro zvezvinhu. Izvo zvakakodzera zvekupisa zvikamu zvakakoshawo zvakanyanya. Kuenzaniswa neyakavharika yekupokana kupisa, induction sintering inotora yepakati frequency simba kupisa, iyo inodzivirira yakanyanya-tembiricha yekumisa dambudziko revacuum furnaces dzinoshandisa kupokana kupisa kusvika pamwero wakati.

Parizvino, induction sintering tekinoroji inonyanya kushandiswa muminda yesimbi uye metallurgy. Pamusoro pezvo, pazvinhu zvakakosha zveceramic, induction sintering inokwidziridza kusungirirwa kwezvimedu zvimedu, inobatsira mhodzi dzekristaro kukura, kudzvanya voids, uyezve kuwedzera density kuumba miviri yakaonda yepolycrystalline sintered. Induction sintering tekinoroji iri zvakare kushandiswa zvakanyanya mukutsvagisa kwezvinhu zvitsva.

1.2.3, vacuum induction kupisa kurapwa

Parizvino, panofanirwa kuve nekuwedzera induction yekupisa yekurapa tekinoroji yakanyanya kunangana mune induction kuomesa tekinoroji. Isa iyo workpiece muinductor (coil), kana alternating ikozvino yeimwe frequency inopfuudzwa kuburikidza neinductor, alternating magnetic field inogadzirwa kumativi ayo. Iyo electromagnetic induction yealternating magineti inoburitsa yakavharwa eddy ikozvino mune workpiece. Nekuda kwekuita kweganda, ndiko kuti, kugoverwa kweiyo induced ikozvino pamuchinjiko-chikamu cheiyo workpiece haina kuenzana, iyo density iripo pamusoro peiyo workpiece yakakwira zvakanyanya uye zvishoma nezvishoma inoderera mukati.

Simba remagetsi repamusoro-density ikozvino pamusoro pebasa rekushanda rinoshandurwa kuva simba rekupisa, iro rinowedzera kupisa kwepamusoro, kureva, inoziva kupisa kwepamusoro. Iyo yakakwira iyo frequency yazvino, iyo yakakura yezvino density mutsauko pakati pepamusoro uye mukati meiyo workpiece, uye iyo yakatetepa yekudziya layer. Mushure mekunge tembiricha yekudziya yekupisa inopfuura yakakosha tembiricha yesimbi, inokurumidza kutonhodzwa kuti iwane kudzima kwepamusoro. Inogona kuzivikanwa kubva pamusimboti wekupisa kupisa kuti kudzika kwekupinda kwezvino kunogona kushandurwa zvakakodzera nekugadzirisa kuwanda kweiyo ikozvino kuburikidza neiyo induction coil. Iyo inogadziriswa kudzika zvakare mukana mukuru we induction kupisa kurapwa. Nekudaro, tekinoroji yekuomesa tekinoroji haina kukodzera kuomarara meshini yekushanda nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwayo. Kunyangwe iyo yekumusoro layer yeyakadzimwa workpiece ine yakakura compressive yemukati kushushikana, kuneta kutyoka kuramba kwakakwira. Asi inokodzera chete mutsara wekugadzira mutsara wezvakareruka workpieces.

Parizvino, kushandiswa kweiyo induction kuomesa tekinoroji inonyanya kushandiswa mukudzima kwepamusoro kwe crankmugodhis uye cammugodhis muindasitiri yemotokari. Kunyange zvazvo zvikamu izvi zvine chimiro chakareruka, asi nharaunda yekushanda yakaoma, ine imwe dhigirii yekupfeka kuramba, kupfugama kuramba, uye kuramba kushanda kwezvikamu. Kuneta kunodiwa, kuburikidza nekuomeswa nekuomeswa kwekuvandudza kupfeka kwavo kuramba uye kuramba kuneta ndiyo nzira inonzwisisika yekusangana nezvinodiwa zvekuita. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu pamusoro kurapwa yezvimwe zvikamu muindasitiri yemotokari.

2. Vacuum induction kunyungudutsa midziyo

Vacuum induction kunyungudutsa midziyo inoshandisa induction smelting tekinoroji kuona musimboti mukushandiswa chaiko kuburikidza nekufananidza kwemuchina. Midziyo yacho inowanzo shandisa musimboti weelectromagnetic induction kuisa iyo induction coil uye zvinhu mugomba rakavharika, uye kuburitsa gasi mumudziyo kuburikidza nevacuum pumping system, uye wozoshandisa iyo magetsi kupfuudza yazvino kuburikidza neiyo induction coil kuenda. gadzira iyo induced electromotive simba uye kuve mukati mechinhu A vortex inoumbwa, uye kana chizvarwa chekupisa chasvika pane imwe nhanho, zvinhu zvinotanga kunyungudika. Munguva yekunyunguduka, nhevedzano yekushanda senge simba rekutonga, kuyerwa kwekushisa, chiyero chevacuum, uye chekuwedzera chekudya chinowanikwa kuburikidza nezvimwe zvinhu zvinotsigira pamidziyo, uye pakupedzisira iyo simbi yemvura inodururwa mu mold kuburikidza ne crucible inversion kuti iite ingot yesimbi. Smelt. Chimiro chikuru chevacuum induction kunyungudutsa midziyo inosanganisira zvinotevera zvikamu:

Pamusoro pezvikamu zviri pamusoro, iyo vacuum inonyunguduka choto inofanirawo kunge ine simba rekupa, control system, uye inotonhorera sisitimu yekupa simba rekuisa kuti mudziyo unyungudutse zvinhu, uye kupa humwe huwandu hwekutonhora muzvikamu zvakakosha. kudzivirira hurongwa kubva pakupisa uye zvichikonzera kuderedzwa kwehupenyu hwemaitiro kana kukuvara. Kune induction smelting midziyo ine chaiwo maitiro anodikanwa, pane anobatsira anoenderana zvikamu, sekutapurirana trolley, kuvhurika kwegonhi rechoto uye kuvhara, centrifugal casting pani, hwindo rekuona, nezvimwewo system, nezvimwewo. Zvinogona kuoneka kuti, mukuwedzera kune zvinodikanwa zvikamu, seti yakakwana yezvigadzirwa zvekunyungudutsa induction inogona zvakare kuona mabasa akasiyana nekuwedzera zvimwe zvikamu zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa maitiro, uye kupa mamiriro ari nyore uye nzira dzekushandisa dzekugadzira simbi.

2.1. Vacuum induction inonyunguduka choto

Vacuum induction smelting furnace mudziyo wekunyungudutsa unotanga kunyungudutsa simbi nekudziisa pasi pevacuum, wozodira simbi yemvura muforoma kuti uwane ingot yesimbi. Kuvandudzwa kwevacuum induction furnaces kwakatanga kutenderera 1920 uye kwainyanya kushandiswa kunyungudutsa nickel-chromium alloys. Kusvika Hondo Yenyika II yasimudzira kufambira mberi kwevacuum tekinoroji, vacuum induction yekunyungudutsa choto chakaitwa zvechokwadi. Munguva iyi, nekuda kwekudiwa kwezvinhu zvealloy, vacuum induction yekunyungudutsa mavira yakaramba ichikura kuita yakakura, kubva kune yekutanga matani akati wandei kusvika makumi emakumi ematani e Ultra-hombe induction choto. Kuti uenderane nekugadzirwa kwakawanda, mukuwedzera kune shanduko yehukuru hwemidziyo, chimiro chechoto chekupinza chakashandukawo kubva muchoto chekutenderera chine kutenderera seyuniti kune inoenderera kana semi-inopfuurira vacuum induction kunyunguduka kwekuchaja, mold. kugadzirira, kunyunguditsa, uye kudira mabasa. Kuenderera mberi kwekushanda pasina kumisa choto kunochengetedza nguva yekuchaja uye nguva yekumirira kuti ingot itonhore. Iyo inoenderera kugadzirwa inowedzera kushanda zvakanaka uye zvakare inowedzera alloy kubuda. Zvirinani kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzirwa chaiko. Kuenzaniswa nenyika dzekunze, mavhiri ekutanga evacuum induction munyika yangu ane mashoma mashoma, kunyanya pasi pematani maviri. Zvito zvakakura zvekunyungudutsa zvichiri kutsamira pane zvinotengwa kunze kwenyika. Nekuvandudzwa kwemakumi emakore achangopfuura, nyika yangu inogona zvakare kuvandudza yakakura-yakakura vacuum induction kunyungudutsa yega. Furnace, iyo yakanyanya kunyungudika inosvika matani anopfuura gumi. VIM vacuum induction yekunyungudutsa choto chakagadzirwa kare, ine chimiro chakareruka, kushandiswa kuri nyore uye mutengo wakaderera wekugadzirisa, uye yakashandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira chaiko.

Iyo yakakosha fomu yevacuum induction yekunyungudutsa vira. Metal zvinhu zvinowedzerwa kune yakanyunguduka crucible kuburikidza neinotenderera turret. Rimwe divi rinoenderana necrucible, uye kuyerwa kwetembiricha kunoonekwa nekuisa iyo thermocouple pasi musimbi yakanyungudutswa. Simbi yakanyungudutswa inofambiswa neinotenderedzwa uye inodururwa muforoma yekugadzira kuti ione kunyungudutswa kwesimbi. Iyo yese maitiro ari nyore uye ari nyore kushanda. Kunyungudika kwega kwega kunoda mushandi mumwe kana vaviri kuti vapedze. Munguva yekunyungudutsa, chaiyo-nguva yekutarisa tembiricha uye kugadziridzwa kwekuumbwa kwezvinhu kunogona kuwanikwa, uye yekupedzisira simbi simbi inowirirana zvakanyanya nemaitiro ekuita.

2.2. Vacuum induction membrane gasi choto

Kune zvimwe zvinhu, hazvidiwi kupedzisa kudurura mukamuri yekutsvaira mukuita, chete kuchengetedza kupisa uye degassing munzvimbo yevacuum inodiwa. Pahwaro hwevira reVIM, vacuum induction membrane gas furnace yeVID degassing furnace inogadzirwa zvishoma nezvishoma.

Chinhu chikuru chevacuum induction degassing furnace ndeye compact chimiro uye diki yevira vhoriyamu. Vhoriyamu diki inonyanya kubatsira kukurumidza kubviswa gasi uye vacuum iri nani. Zvichienzaniswa neyakajairwa degassing furnaces, midziyo ine idiki vhoriyamu, yakaderera tembiricha kurasikirwa, zvirinani kuchinjika uye hupfumi, uye inokodzera mvura kana yakasimba kudya. Iyo VID vira inogona kushandiswa kunyunguduka uye degassing yesimbi yakakosha uye isina-ferrous simbi, uye inoda kudirwa muforoma pasi pemamiriro ekunze kwemuchadenga kana mhepo inodzivirira. Iyo yese yekunyungudutsa nzira inogona kuona kubviswa kwetsvina senge decarburization uye kunatswa kwezvinhu, dehydrogenation, deoxidation, uye desulfurization, izvo zvinogonesa kurongeka kwakanyatso kurongeka kwemakemikari kuzadzisa zvinodiwa nemaitiro.
Pasi peimwe vacuum mamiriro kana ekudzivirira mamiriro, iyo simbi inonyungudika zvishoma nezvishoma nekupisa kweiyo induction degassing furnace, uye gasi remukati rinogona kubviswa mukuita uku. Kana gasi rekuita rakakodzera rakawedzerwa mukuita, rinosangana nekabhoni chinhu mukati mesimbi kugadzira gasious carbides kuti ibviswe muchoto, ichizadzisa chinangwa che decarburization uye kunatswa. Mukudururwa, imwe nzvimbo yekudzivirira inoda kuunzwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti simbi yakasvibiswa yakaparadzaniswa kubva kune gasi mumhepo, uye pakupedzisira degassing uye kunatswa kwesimbi zvinhu kunopedzwa.

2.3. Vacuum induction degassing kudurura choto

Iyo vacuum induction degassing yekudurura choto inogadzirwa pahwaro hwemaviri ekutanga matekinoroji ekunyungudutsa. Muna 1988, Leybold-Heraeus, akatangira kambani yeGermany ALD, akagadzira choto chekutanga cheVIDP. Iyo tekinoroji musimboti weiyi rudzi rwechoto ndeye compact vacuum inonyungudutsa kamuri yakabatanidzwa neiyo induction coil crucible. Iyo ingori yakakura zvishoma pane induction coil uye ine chete induction coil uye crucible. Matambo, mapaipi ekutonhodza mvura uye hydraulic turnover mechanism zvese zvakaiswa kunze kwekamuri yekunyungudika. Chakanakira kuchengetedza tambo nemapaipi akanyoroveswa nemvura kubva mukukuvadzwa kunokonzerwa nesimbi yakanyunguduka inopfapfaidza uye nguva nenguva shanduko yekushisa nekumanikidza. Nekuda kwekureruka kwekuparadzanisa uye kufambisa kutsiva kweiyo crucible, iyo VIDP furnace shell inoshongedzerwa nemitumbi mitatu yevira. Iyo yekugadzirira crucible choto lining inopfupisa kutenderera kwekugadzira uye inovandudza kugadzirwa kwakanaka.

Chivharo chechoto chinotsigirwa pafuremu yevira uye maviri hydraulic cylinder makoramu ne vacuum yakavharwa. kutakuras. Pakudira, masilinda maviri e hydraulic pamusoro pechifukidziro chechoto padivi, uye chivharo chechoto chinotyaira kamuri inonyunguduka kuti itenderere ichitenderedza vacuum. kutakura. Munzvimbo yekudurura yakarerekera, hapana hukama hwekufamba pakati pekamuri yekunyungudika uye induction coil crucible. Mumhanyi chikamu chakakosha chevira reVIDP. Nekuti dhizaini yevira yeVIDP inoparadzanisa kamuri yekunyunguduka kubva mukamuri ingot, simbi yakanyungudutswa inofanirwa kupfuura nemuvacuum runner mukamuri yeingot. Ingot chamber yakazaruka uye yakavharwa nesquare oblique side. Inoumbwa nezvikamu zviviri. Chikamu chakamisikidzwa chiri padhuze nekamuri yekumhanya, uye chikamu chinofambiswa chinofamba chakatwasuka panzira yepasi kuti ipedze kuvhura nekuvhara kwekamuri yeingot. Mune mimwe michina, chikamu chinotakurika chakagadzirirwa kuita madhigirii makumi matatu, kuvhurika kuruboshwe uye kurudyi kumusoro, izvo zviri nyore kurodha uye kuburitsa ingot molds uye kugadzirisa kwezuva nezuva uye kugadzirisa cranes. Pakutanga kwekunyunguduka, mutumbi wevira unosimudzwa ne hydraulic mechanism pazasi, yakabatanidzwa neyepamusoro chimiro chevhavha yevira revira, uye yakavharwa neyakasiyana michina. Iyo yepamusoro yekupedzisira yevhavha yevira inobatanidzwa nekamuri yekudyisa kuburikidza nevhavha vharafu.

Sezvo chete chikamu chekunyungudutsa chakavharirwa mukamuri yekutsvaira uye yakadururwa kuburikidza negero rekutsaudzira, chimiro chechoto chakabatana, kamuri yekunyunguduka idiki, uye vacuum inogona kudzorwa zvirinani uye nekukurumidza. Kana ichienzaniswa neyechinyakare induction yekunyungudutsa choto, ine hunhu hwenguva pfupi yekubuda uye mwero wakaderera wekudonha. Iyo yakakodzera kudzvinyirira kutonga inogona kuwanikwa nekushongedza iyo PLC logic control system. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo electromagnetic inobvongodza sisitimu inogona kutenderedza dziva rakanyungudutswa, uye zvinhu zvakawedzerwa zvichanyungudutswa zvakafanana mudziva rakanyungudutswa kubva kumusoro kusvika pasi, zvichichengeta tembiricha iri pedyo nekurambana. Paunenge uchidurura mari, mumhanyi anodziyirwa neyekunze yekudziya sisitimu kuti kuderedze kwekutanga kudururira kuvharika kwechiteshi chekudurura uye mumhanyi kupisa kwemafuta. Nekuwedzera sefa baffle uye mamwe matanho, inogona kudzikisira kukanganiswa kwesimbi yakanyungudutswa uye kunatsiridza kuchena kwesimbi. Nekuda kweiyo vhoriyamu diki yevira yeVIDP, vacuum leak yekuona uye kugadzirisa zviri nyore, uye nguva yekuchenesa muchoto ipfupi. Mukuwedzera, kutonhora muchoto kunogona kuyerwa nediki, nyore-kutsiva thermocouple.

2.4, induction mvura-yakatonhorera crucible

Mvura-yakatonhorera crucible electromagnetic induction vacuum levitation smelting nzira inzira yekunyungudutsa yakagadzira nekukurumidza mumakore achangopfuura. Inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzirira yakakwira kunyungudika, kuchena kwepamusoro uye yakanyanya kushanda simbi kana isiri-simbi zvinhu. Nekucheka crucible yemhangura muzvikamu zvakaenzana zvemhangura petal chimiro, uye kutonhora kwemvura kunopfuudzwa nepakati petal block, chimiro ichi chinosimudzira iyo electromagnetic kusundira, kuitira kuti simbi yakanyungudutswa inosvinwa nepakati kuita hump uye kubvaruka kubva crucible wall. Simbi inoiswa mune inochinjanisa magetsi emagetsi. Chishandiso chinotarisa huwandu munzvimbo yevhoriyamu mukati meiyo crucible, uyezve inoumba yakasimba eddy ikozvino pamusoro pechaji. Kune rumwe rutivi, inosunungura kupisa kweJoule kunyungudusa mutero, uye kune rumwe rutivi, inoumba Lorentz simba rekunyunguduka Muviri unomisa uye unobudisa simba rakasimba. Iyo yakawedzera alloy zvinhu zvinogona kukurumidza uye zvakaenzana zvakasanganiswa mukunyunguduka, zvichiita kuti chimiro chemakemikari chiwedzere yunifomu uye tembiricha conduction yakaenzana. Nekuda kwekuita kwemagnetic levitation, kunyunguduka hakuna kubatana nemadziro emukati ecrucible, iyo inodzivirira iyo crucible kubva pakusvibisa kunyungudika. Panguva imwecheteyo, inoderedza kupisa kwekushisa uye inowedzera kupisa kwemhepo, iyo inoderedza kupisa kwekupisa kwesimbi yakanyungudutswa uye inosvika pakupisa kwepamusoro. Nokuda kwechaji yesimbi yakawedzerwa, inogona kunyungudutswa uye kuchengetwa ichidziya maererano nenguva inodiwa uye tembiricha yakagadzika, uye mutero haudi kugadziridzwa pachine nguva. Mvura-yakatonhorera crucible smelting inogona kusvika pamwero we electron beam kunyunguduka maererano nekubvisa simbi inclusions uye degassing refining, nepo kurasikirwa kwe evaporation kuri kudiki, uye kushandiswa kwesimba kwakadzikira, uye kugona kwekugadzira kunovandudzwa. Nekuda kweiyo isingabatanidzi yekudziya hunhu hwekudziya induction, kukanganisa pakunyunguduka kudiki, uye kune mhedzisiro yakanaka pakugadzirira kuchena kwepamusoro kana simbi inoshanda zvakanyanya. Nekuda kwechimiro chakaomesesa chemidziyo, zvichiri kunetsa kuona kunyunguditsa maglev kune midziyo yakakura. Panguva ino, hapana hukuru-hukuru hwemvura-yakatonhorera mhangura crucible smelting equipment. Ikozvino mvura-yakatonhorera crucible midziyo inoshandiswa chete pakuedza tsvakurudzo padiki-vhoriyamu kunyungudutsa simbi.

3. Iyo yeramangwana budiriro maitiro e induction kunyunguduka michina

Nekuvandudzwa kwevacuum induction heat tekinoroji, mhando dzechoto dzinogara dzichichinja kuitira kuti uwane mabasa akasiyana. Kubva pane yakapusa kunyungudika kana kudziyisa chimiro, yakawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kuita chimiro chakaomarara chinogona kuona mabasa akasiyana uye chinonyatso gadzira. Kune mamwe maitiro akaomarara etekinoroji mune ramangwana, maitiro ekuita chaiwo maitiro ekutonga, kuyera uye kuburitsa ruzivo rwakakodzera, uye kuderedza mutengo wevashandi zvakanyanya sezvinobvira ndiyo nzira yekuvandudza yemidziyo yekunyungudika.

3.1, modular

Mune seti yakakwana yemidziyo, zvikamu zvakasiyana zvakashongedzerwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushandisa zvinodiwa. Chikamu chimwe nechimwe chechikamu chinoita basa rayo kuti riwane chinangwa chekushandisa. Kune mamwe marudzi echoto, kuwedzera mamwe ma modules kuita kuti midziyo iwedzere kuzara, semuenzaniso, yakashongedzerwa neyakakwana tembiricha kuyerwa system inobatsira kuona shanduko yemidziyo muchoto nekupisa, uye kuwana inonzwisisika kutonga tembiricha; yakashongedzerwa ne mass spectrometer kuti ione kuumbwa kwezvinhu Gadzirisa nguva uye kutevedzana kwekuwedzera alloying zvinhu kuti uvandudze mashandiro eiyo alloy mudanho rekusimudzira maitiro; yakashongedzerwa ne electron pfuti uye pfuti yeion kugadzirisa dambudziko rekunyunguduka kweimwe simbi inomira, zvichingodaro. Mune ramangwana induction metallurgical midziyo, musanganiswa wakasiyana wemamodules ekuita akasiyana mabasa uye kusangana akasiyana maitirwo ezvinodiwa ave maitiro asingadzivisike ebudiriro, uye zvakare iri musanganiswa uye kutaurwa kweakasiyana minda. Kuti uvandudze nzira yekunyungudutsa simbi uye kuwana zvinhu zvine mashandiro arinani, modular michina ichave nemakwikwi akasimba emusika.

3.2. Kudzora kwakangwara

Kuenzaniswa nekunyungudika kwechinyakare, vacuum induction midziyo ine mukana mukuru mukuona maitiro ekutonga. Nekuda kwekuvandudza tekinoroji yekombuta, mashandiro ane hushamwari emunhu-muchina interface, hungwaru hwekutora chiratidzo uye zvine musoro kuronga zvirongwa mumidziyo inogona kuzadzisa chinangwa chekudzora kunyungudika, kuderedza mutengo wevashandi, uye kuita kuti mashandiro acho ave nyore uye convenient.

Mukuvandudza mune ramangwana, mamwe akangwara ekudzora masisitimu anozowedzerwa kune vacuum midziyo. Pachirongwa chakagadzwa, zvichave nyore kuti vanhu vanyatso kudzora tembiricha yekunyungudika kuburikidza nehungwaru kutonga hurongwa, kuwedzera alloy zvinhu panguva yakatarwa, uye kupedzisa nhevedzano yezviito zvekunyungudutsa, kuchengetedza kupisa, uye kudurura. Uye izvi zvose zvichange zvichidzorwa uye zvakanyorwa nekombuta, kuderedza kurasikirwa kusingakoshi kunokonzerwa nekukanganisa kwevanhu. Kune iyo inodzokororwa kunyungudutsa maitiro, inogona kuona zviri nyore uye nehungwaru kutonga kwemazuva ano.

3.3. Informatization

Induction kunyungudutsa michina inoburitsa huwandu hukuru hweruzivo rwekunyungudutsa panguva yese yekunyungudutsa, iyo chaiyo-nguva paramende shanduko yeiyo induction yekudziya magetsi, tembiricha yenzvimbo yekuchaja, crucible, iyo magetsi emagetsi anogadzirwa neiyo induction coil, iyo zvinhu zvemuviri zvesimbi inonyunguduka, zvichingodaro. Parizvino, zvishandiso zvinongoona zviri nyore kuunganidza data, uye maitiro ekuongorora anoitwa mushure mekunge data yaburitswa mushure mekunyungudika kwapera. Mune ramangwana, kuvandudzwa kweruzivo, kuunganidzwa kwedata uye kugadzirisa, uye maitiro ekuongorora anozongoita kunge anoenderana nekunyungudika. Yakazara dhata kuunganidzwa kwezvinhu zvakanyungudutswa zvemukati zvemetalurgical midziyo, komputa kugadzirisa data, chaiyo-nguva kuratidzwa kwemukati tembiricha munda uye electromagnetic munda wemidziyo pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu aripo, uye kutapurirana kwechiratidzo, kuburikidza nechaiyo-nguva mhinduro ye data rakasiyana, yakanakira vanhu Kucherechedzwa kwechokwadi-nguva uye kugadzirisa kwekunyungudika kwakasimbisa kupindira kwevanhu uye kutonga. Mukuita kwekunyungudika, kugadziriswa panguva yakakodzera kunoitwa kuvandudza maitiro uye kunatsiridza mashandiro ealloy.

4 Mhedziso

Nekufambira mberi kweindasitiri, vacuum induction kunyungudutsa tekinoroji yakagadzira zvakanyanya mumakumi emakore achangopfuura nemabhenefiti ayo akasiyana, uye inoita basa rakakosha mundima yeindasitiri. Parizvino, kunyangwe tekinoroji yenyika yangu yekunyungudutsa yekunyungudutsa ichiri kusarira kumashure kwenyika dzekunze, ichiri kuda kuedza kusingaperi kwevashandi vakakodzera kuvandudza kukwikwidza kwemusika wemidziyo yenyika yangu yakakosha uye kuyedza nepainogona napo kuti ive yekutanga-kirasi yekunyungudutsa michina. . Kumberi.

Batanidza kuchinyorwa ichi: Iko kuvandudza uye maitiro evacuum induction melting tekinoroji

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