Nhanganyaya: China ndiyo nyika ine kushandiswa kukuru kwesimbi uye zvinhu zvewelding pasi rose. Zvinoenderana nenhamba dzakakosha muna 2016, China inoburitsa simbi inosvika 1.138 bhiriyoni matani, inodarika hafu yepasirese simbi inobuda, uye kubuda kwezvinhu zvewelding zvingangoita 5.68 miriyoni matani, inodarika hafu yepasirese welding zvinhu zvinobuda. .

1. Iko kudiwa kwemusika we welding zvinhu uye ikozvino kudiwa mamiriro maererano neindasitiri

1. Kudiwa kwemusika kucharamba kuchiwedzera

Chirevo che18th National Congress yeBato reCommunist yenyika yangu chakaratidza pachena kuti rimwe remabasa makuru ekuvaka hupfumi hweChina muzana ramakore rechimakumi maviri nerimwe nderekuziva maindasitiri. Nyika yedu yave muchikamu chepakati chebudiriro yeindasitiri. Nhoroondo yenyika dzakasiyana pasi rose inoratidza kuti kana nyika yave munguva yebudiriro, kushandiswa kwesimbi nemidziyo yewelding kunoramba kuchikura. Semuyenzaniso, United States neJapan padzakapedza kusimudzira maindasitiri muma1970s, kudyiwa kwesimbi nezvinhu zvewelding kwakasvika pakakwirira ndokuzodzikira zvishoma nezvishoma.

Mumakore gumi anotevera, kudyiwa kwesimbi uye welding zvinodyiwa munyika yangu zvicharamba zvichikura, asi mwero wekukura uchaita zvishoma nezvishoma, uye chinotariswa chichava pane chigadzirwa siyana kugadzirisa uye kunaka kuvandudzwa. Maererano nekufanotaura nenyanzvi dzakakodzera, nyika yangu inoshandiswa nesimbi inogona kusvika 10 kusvika 1.2 bhiriyoni matani mumakore gumi. Naizvozvo, inoenderana welding zvinhu zvinodiwa zvinogona kusvika 1.5-10 miriyoni matani.

2. Maererano nezvinodiwa neindasitiri

Zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemaindasitiri, musiyano mukuru pakati pesimbi yenyika yangu uye welding zvinhu uye nyika dzakasimukira ndeiyi: mumakore achangopfuura, nyika yangu yekuvaka simbi inokwana 55%, uye kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri kunoshandisa isingasviki 45%. Zvisinei, simbi yekuvaka ikozvino muUnited States, Europe neJapan Inongotora 22% ~ 30%, uye simbi yekugadzira maindasitiri e60% ~ 66%. Musiyano uyu unoratidzawo hunhu hwedanho razvino rebudiriro munyika yangu, uko huwandu hukuru hwezvivakwa uye kuvakwa kwemaguta kuri kuitwa.

2. Iyo huru yekusimudzira maitiro ekugadzirisa zvinhu

1. Kufambira mberi kwewelding otomatiki kunokurudzira kugadziridzwa kwechimiro che welding consumables

Mukati memakore ekuma1980, chiyero chetsvimbo dzewelding munyika dzekunze dzakasimukira kune zvinobatika zvewelding chaive 50%. Pakazosvika 2004, muEurope, North America (United States neCanada), uye Japan, chiyero chetsvimbo yewelding mukudyiwa kwezvinhu zvewelding yaive isingasviki 20%. Kureva kuti, iko zvino otomatiki uye semi-otomatiki welding munyika dzakabudirira ndiyo yakaverengera basa rose rekushongedza. Kupfuura 80%.

2. Kufambira mberi kwekugadzirwa kwesimbi kunokurudzira kuvandudzwa nekuvandudzwa kwehutano hwezvinhu zvinopisa zvinopisa

nyika yangu iri kuedza kusimudzira kubva kunyika huru yesimbi kusvika kune yakasimba simbi. Mumakore achangopfuura, nhamba huru yesimbi yakagadziridzwa, yepamusoro-soro uye yepamusoro-soro yakaiswa. Kunyanya, zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira uye tekinoroji nhanho yeindasitiri yesimbi yakaita kufambira mberi kukuru, senge gumi iyo ichaiswa mukugadzirwa imwe neimwe. Kuita kwezvigayo zvepakati nepakati uye zvinorema zvekukungurusa ndiro kuchapfuura kwezvigayo zviripo kuJapan nekuUnited States uye kuzoita chizvarwa chitsva chemazuva ano epakati uye anorema ndiro dzinotenderedza zvigayo munyika. Izvi zvichaisa hwaro hwakasimba hwekuzadzikiswa kwekudzora kutenderedza uye kudzorwa kutonhora maitiro uye kugadzirwa kwepamusoro-vhoriyamu, yepamusoro-yekuita yepakati uye inorema mahwendefa. Equipment hwaro.

3. Kune zvakajairika welding zvinodyiwa zvine huwandu hukuru uye hwakasiyana, kutaridzika kwemusika wemhando yepamusoro uye mutengo wakanaka unofanirwa kusimudzirwa.

Izvo zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa zvinogadzirwa uye zvinopedzwa munyika yangu parizvino, zvinosanganisira kabhoni simbi welding tsvimbo senge junction 422, HJ431 flux, ER50-6 copper-plated welding waya uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa, nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekugadzira uye kuwandisa, iyo mitengo yemumba uye kunze kwenyika yezvakajairwa welding zvinhu munyika yangu zviri kuramba zvichidhura. Iwo anongoenzana ne50% kusvika 60% yemutengo wezvakafanana zvemhando yepamusoro-welding zvinobatika mumusika wepasi rose. Mamwe makambani ezvekushivirira atora nzira dzakaipa dzemakwikwi e "mutengo wakaderera, wakaderera mhando, uye wakaderera mutengo". Naizvozvo, mumakore achangopfuura, vazhinji vashandisi vepamba vakashuma zvimwe Hunhu hwezvakajairwa welding zvinodyiwa senge 422 welding tsvimbo haina kuvandudzwa, asi yaderera.

Misika yekunze inoratidza kuti zvakajairwa zvewelding zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika nemamwe mabhizinesi eChinese "zvishoma-mhando zvinoenderana kunze kwenyika". Kunyangwe mutengo wacho wakachipa, mhando yacho haina kunaka. Inogona kungoshandiswa mumapurojekiti echipiri, ane simba rakaipa pamufananidzo wenyika yangu "welding consumables."

4. Kurudzira kushandirapamwe nemagetsi esimbi kugadzirisa dambudziko rekushomeka kwemhando dzewaya

Iyo yakanyanya kuvharira mukuvandudza kwezvinobatisa welding munyika yangu ndeyekuti akasiyana uye mhando yegesi yakadzivirirwa waya yakasimba uye yakadzika arc welding waya yakasimba haigone kusangana nemusika kudiwa. Kusanganisira masimba akasiyana-siyana ehurefu-simba resimbi welding wire, kupisa-resistant simbi welding waya, yakaderera-tembiricha simbi welding waya, mumhepo-inodzivirira corrosion-resistant steel welding waya, Stainless steel welding waya, nezvimwe.

Kana iri iyo inonzi isina-coppered welding wire yakaunzwa nevagadziri vepamba nekunze, inofanirwa kunzi yakakosha coated welding wire. Nekuda kwekusiyana kwekuputira kuumbwa uye pamusoro kurapwa nzira dzemugadziri wega wega, kushanda kwewaya welding kwakasiyanawo. Iyo yepamusoro-yekuita coating uye pamusoro kurapwa maitiro haangoite basa rekudzivirira ngura uye mafuta, hapana utsi hwemhangura hunogadzirwa panguva yewelding, asi zvakare inogona kuvandudza kugadzikana kwearc yewaya yewelding uye kuderedza welding spatter. Parizvino, vagadziri vepamba uye vekunze vachiri kuvandudza kupfeka uye pamusoro kurapwa nzira yeiyi welding waya. Zvinotarisirwa kuti kusanganiswa kwemhando iyi yewaya yewelding uye yedhijitari inverter welding muchina unodzora nemazvo shanduko yearc inogona kuwana yakakwira-inoshanda, yakaderera-spatter yakakwira-ikozvino CO2 welding, uye kuzadzisa maitiro ekuita akaenzana ne flux-cored waya. welding, inova nzira yekuvandudza mune ramangwana.

Batanidza kuchinyorwa ichi: Kuda chimiro uye maitiro ekusimudzira welding zvinhu

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